Steam-boiler.



Patented Apr. I, |902.

A. SPENCER.

STEAM BOILER.

(Application med July 18, 1901.)

6 Sheets-Sheet l.

(NQ Model.)

No. 696,770. Patented Apr. I, |902. A. SPENCER.

STEAM BILEB.

Application filed July 1S, 1901.;

(No Model.)

.flu/6271127',

No. 696,770. Patented Apr. I, |902. A. SPENCER.

STEAM BILER.

(Application filed July 18, 1901.) (Nmllqdel.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Patented Apr. I, |902.

A. SPENCER. srl-:AM BolLER.

(Application filed July 18, 1901.)

(N0 ModeL) Patented Apr. I, |902. A. SPENCER. STEAM BOILEB.

(Application led July 18 1901.)

6 Sheets-$he`et 5.

(No Model.)

YH: Nonms PETERS co.. PHOTO-Uwe.. wAsrnNmzfeu. n. a

- Patented Apr. l, m02.'

.l H. nnEw ELv. 0mm NBJ E w PMm QvnnnV .Em AT-m SH D.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

riuniti artnr ALEXANDER SPENCER, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

STEAWMBOILEH.

SPEGIFIOA'IEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 696,770, dated April 1, 1902.

Application filed July 18,1901.

To if/ZZ whom t may concern.-

Beit known that', ALEXANDER SPENCER, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing in the city of London, Engl land, have invented Improvements in Steam- Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in steam-boilers of the water-tube type; and it has for its object to produce an efficient steam-boiler of this type that is specially suitable for use in connection withsteampropelled road-vehicles,but is suitable also for other uses, and which can be readily constructed, fired, cleaned, and controlled.

The invention consists, for these and other objects, in certain combinations and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter fully described, and then more specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying illustrative drawings, Figure lis a vertical section taken on the line A A of Fig. 2; and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan taken on the line B B of Fig. 1, with the top casing removed, showing a steam-boiler constructed accordingto thisinvention. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line O C of Fig. l, but with the water-tubes removed. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line D D of Fig. 1, but with the water-tubes removed. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively back and front elevations of the boiler. Fig. 7 is a plan of part of an upper tube-plate. Fig. S is a detail view showing a modification.

The improved steam-boiler shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, comprises a number of groups of straight water-tubes o. of different lengths arranged at a distance apart in an inclined position one above the other at one side of the combustion-chamber b and over a tire grate or box c,l the upper ends of the tubes being secured to the stepped lower side d of an upper horizontally-arranged steam and water vessel e, having a removable top or cover f, and the lower ends of the tubes being secured to the stepped inner side g of a vertically'- arranged waterbox h, provided with a removable outer side or cover 7s, the opposite side of the combustion-chamber b being' provided near the top with a normally closed opening m, through which fuel can be introduced and allowed to fall onto the lire Serial No. 681785. (No model.)

upon the lire-grate n, and an exit-opening o for hot gases and products of combustion being provided between the adjacent parts of the horizontal steam and water vessel e and the vertical water-box h. As will be seen, the arrangement is such that the ends of the `water-tubes a can be secured to the stepped tube-plates d and g at right angles thereto and that by removing the cover-plates f and 7c of the vessel e and box 7L ready access can be gained to the interiors of such tubes for inspecting or cleaning the same, while the arrangement of the fuel-opening m at the upper and usually rear side of the boiler, as shown, admits of the stoking being done in a convenient manner by a person standing on the road-vehicle to which the boiler may be applied.

In the particular construction of boiler shown the lower part of the upper steam and water vessel c is made as a casting or stamping of suitable metalfor example, phosphorbronze-with a stepped lower side d and with an upwardly-extending horizontally-flanged rim d', arranged to form two channels cl2 along two opposite sides of the stepped portion d. The top or cover f of the said steam and watervessel e, which may also be a casting or stamping, is made of inverted-dish shape, with a horizontal flange t, by which it can be bolted to the flange d on the lower part d. The two parts d and fare stayed together by stay-bolts u, the lower ends of which are secured, as by screwing, in bosses o on the upper side of the stepped tube-plate d, and the upper ends of which pass through the coverplate f and are provided with washers in and nuts The stepped plate d is also strengthened by diagonally-arranged ribs d3, Fig. 8. The coverfis or may be also strengthened by ribs e, formed on and depending from its under side.

To the upper side of the cover f is secured a steam-dome l, from the upper part of which steam can be led away by a steam-pipe comprising a vertical portion 2, that extends up into the said steam-dome and terminates near the top thereof, and a lower horizontal portion 3, the outer end of which is fixed in one side-say the rear side-of the cover f, adjacent to a faced surface j" thereon, over which the flan god end of an external steam-delivery ICO pipe 4 is fixed. 3n represents supports for the said steam-pipe.

The vertical water-box 7t,which is arranged at the front of the boiler and may be also made of a casting or stamping of suitable metal-for example, phosphor-bronze -is formed with a stepped inner side wall g, as before stated, and with a Iianged rim g', arranged to form two vertical channels g2 along the two opposite sides of the stepped portion. The upper ends of these channels g2 are in communication with the forward ends of the side channels d2 in the upper vessel e, so that water can readily iow direct from the vessel e to the box h, While Water can fiow from the box 72 to the vessel e through the water-tubes ct. The outer removable cover-plate 7c of the said vessel h, which may be of wrought-iron or steel plate, is, as shown in Fig. 1, formed with a number of outwardly curved or convex portions for the purpose of stitfening it and with flat intermediate portion t,by which it can be fixed to bosses g3 on the outer side of the stepped plate g by studs 5 and nuts 6,

the edges of the said cover-plate 7c being similarly connected to the flanged rim g of the water-box. The stepped plate g is strengthened by ribs g4. The flanged upper end of the water-box h is made wide and curved, so as to bear against the adjacent end of the upper steam and water vessel e, as shown in Fig. 1, and is formed with a large centrallyarranged opening 10 for the exit of hot gases and products of combustion. Over this opening is secured the lower end portion or base 8 of a Vertical chimney. This lower portion or base may, as shown, be made as a casting closed at the bottom and open at one side and into which the remaining portion 9 of the chimney can be readily slipped, so that it can when desired be easily removed. Each of the two vessels e and h is formed with one or more holes, which, or each ot' which, is normally closed by a removable plug 10, and through which the corresponding vessel can be emptied when desired.

The groups of straight water-tubes a are secured in any suitable manner to the oppositely-arranged flat parallel portions of the two-steppedtube-plates d and g, the longest tubes being nearest the ire and inclined upwardly and backwardly at an angle of, say, about forty-ive degrees over the fire-grate n, the shortest group of water-tubes being uppermost and some of them extending across thegas-exit opening o, leading to the chimney 9.

The sides and rear walls 12 and 13, respectively, of the boiler are formed by metal plates. To the upper ends of the side plates are secured the side flanges d3 of the upper steam and water vessel e, Fig. 3, and to the front portions of the said side plates are secured the side iianges g3 ot' the vertical waterbox h, Fig. 4. The said side walls are lined-` with refractory material 12a. The rear wall l13, which may also be partly lined with refractory material, is partly vertical and partly inclined in an upward and backward direction (see Fig. 1) and formed at its upper central portion with an inclined fuel-feeding chute ll, having an opening m at the top. The top of this chute is provided with a cover 14., that is preferably hinged at its upper end to a transverse rod 15, so that it can be turned upward, and is supported in an inclined position when closed.

m is a catch for holding the door down on its seat. In the example the dooris arranged to be moved laterally on the rod 15 to enable it to be disengaged from the catch fm to open it and also to fix it after it has been opened and again closed.

The fire-bars n are carried by suitable end bearers 16, Fig. 3, secured to the side walls 12 of the boiler, and the space above them for a suitable height is provided with a thick lining 17 of refractory material, such as firebrick, to form a fire-box that protects the lower ends of the water-tubes a in the group nearest the fire and the adjacent part of the water-box and also the lower portions of the side and rear end walls of the boiler from direct and injurious contact with the burning` grate n.

To the lower end of the boiler constructed as described may be secured an ash-pan 19, that has an inclined closed rear end 19a and is provided at its front end with an adjustable door 19h, capable of being worked by a lever-arm 19C and a rod 19d.

For creating a draft through the ire the chimney is provided with an exhaust-steam pipe 20, that extends down through the closed lower end of the base 8 of the chimney and is connected in the particular arrangement shown to two pipes 21, that extend laterally and are bent around the two sides of the boiler and are connected through two tubular connections 22, extending through and fixed to the two side walls 12 of the boiler, to two inclined tubes 23, that are located Within the boiler-casing, adjacent to the side walls thereof, and are connected at theirlowerends through two similar tubular connections 24, xed in the side walls of the boiler, tov external pipes 25, leading to the exhaust of the cylinder or cylinders of the steam-engine supplied with steam from the steam-boiler. By this means the exhaust-steam on its passage from the engine to the chimney 9 is heated, so as to become practically invisible when discharged into the external atmosphere.

Instead ot' using straight water tubes curved water-tubes may be employed, as shown in Fig. 8, the stepped plates d and g being arranged to suit.

IOO

rzo

The boiler in each case is provided with the usual fittings, such as water and `pressure gages, and so on, and the top of the steam and water vessel may be covered by a sheetmetal casing 26, arranged to form with the cover fanair-space27. The sides of therboiler may be provided with horizontally-arranged angle-irons 28 to admit of its being conveniently mounted on a vehicle with its lower part suspended. a

What I claim isl. In asteam-boiler, the combination of an upper steam and water vessel having a stepped lower side, an upwardly-extending water-box having a stepped inner side, and watertubes connecting the stepped sides of said vessel and box.

2. In a steam-boiler, the combination of an upper steam and water' vessel having a stepped lower side, an upwardly-extending water-box having a stepped inner side, and inclined groups of straight water-tubes ccnnected to the stepped sides of said vessel and box.

3. A steam -boiler comprising an upper steam and water vessel havin ga stepped lower side, an upwardly-extending water-box having a stepped inner side, a combustion-chamber communicating with a gas-exit passage between said vessel and box, and water-tubes arranged at one side of and above said combustion chamber and connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and box.

4t. A steam boiler comprising an upper steam and water vessel having a stepped lower side, an upwardly-extending water-box having a stepped inner side, a combustion-chamber communicating with a gas-exit passage between said vessel and box, and a number of groups of straight water-tubes of dierent lengths arranged in an inclined position at one side of and above said combustion-chamber and connected to the stepped sides of' said vessel and box. Y

5. A steam boiler comprising an upper steam and water vessel having a stepped lower side, an upwardly-extending water-box having a stepped inner side, a combustion-chamber communicating with a gas-exit passage between said vessel and box and provided near its top with a normally closed fuel-feeding opening, and a number of groups of water-tubes of different lengths arranged in an inclined position at one side of and above said combustion-chamber and connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and box.

6. A steam boiler comprising an upper steam and water vessel having a stepped lower side, an upwardly-extendin g water box in communication with said vessel and having a stepped inner side, a combustion-chamber communicating with a gas-.exit passage between said vessel and box and provided at its opposite side with a fuel-feeding chute eX- tending downward from its upper part, and a number of groups of straight water-tubes spaced apart in an inclined position at one side of and above said combustion-chamber and connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and boX, substantially'as described.

7. In a steam-boiler, the combination of an upper steam and water vessel having a stepped lower side, a readily-removable cover, and stays between said stepped lower side and cover, an upwardly-extending water-box in communication with said vessel and having a stepped inner side and a readily-removable cover having outwardly curved or convex portions and fiat intermediate portions secured to the adjacent stepped in ner side ofthe box, and a number of groups of water-tubes connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and box.

8. In a boiler, the combination of an upper steam and water vessel comprising a lower part having a stepped lower side and an upwardly-extending flanged rim arranged to form two channels along two opposite sides of the stepped portion, an inverted-dish-shaped cover adapted to be secured to the flanged rim of the lower part of the vessel, and stays connecting said lower stepped part and cover, an upwardly-`extending water-box comprisingvan inner part having a stepped inner side and iianged rim arranged to form two upwardlyextending channels that are located at the two opposite sides of the steppedportion and are in communication at the top with the two channels in the lower part of' said steam and water vessel, and an outer removable cover secured to the flanged rim of the inner part, and water-tubes connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and box,'substantially as described.

9. A steam-boiler comprising a casing having vertical side walls and a rear Wallprovided with a fuel-feeding opening, near the top, said walls being arrangedto form a combustion-chamber, an upper steam and water vessel having a laterally flanged stepped lower side secured to the upper ends nof the said vertical side walls, anupwardly-entending water box having a laterally flanged stepped inner side secured to the front ends of said side walls, and a anged upper end connected to said vessel and formed with a gas-exit opening, groups of water-tubes connected to the stepped sides of said vesseland box, anda fire-grate at `the bottom of said combustion-chambers and below said watertubes, substantially as described.

l0. A'steam-boiler comprising a combustion-chamber the rear wall of which is provided with an inclined fuel-feeding chute and cover, an upper steam and water vessel hav- `ing a flanged lower sidesecured to the top of the sidewalls of said combustion-chamber, a vertical water-box having a flanged inner `stepped side secured to the front ends of said side walls and" an upper flanged p art connected to the front end of said water-holland `formed with a gasexit opening, a fire-grate IOO IIO

end Secured over said gas-exit opening, and inclined groups of straight water-tubes connected to the stepped sides of said vessel and boX, substantially as described.

ll. A steam-boiler having a horizontallyarranged steam and water vessel at its upper end, a vertical water-box at its front end, and a covered inclined fuel-feeding chute extending downward from near the top of its rear end, a Vertical water-box at its front end, a covered inclined fuel-feeding chute extending downward from 'near the top of its rear end, and a fire-grate and ash-pan atits lower end, a fire-box arranged above said fire-grate and formed of :refractory material with one or more openings with doors in its sides, inclined groups ot water-tubes connecting the lower side of said vessel to the inner side of said boX, an upper gas-exit opening located between said vessel and box, and a chimney having its base secured over said opening.

Signed at-77 Cannon street, in the city of London, England, this 18th day of June, 1901.

ALEXANDER SPENCER. Nitnessesz EDMUND S. SNEWIN, WM. O. BROWN. 

